The Complacent Class: The Self-Defeating Quest for the American Dream by Tyler Cowen

The Complacent Class: The Self-Defeating Quest for the American Dream, by renowned economist Tyler Cowen, breaks down the components of a complacent and stagnant American society. Cowen's book outlines the numerous behaviors and attitudes, from economics to politics and education, that have stalled our society from thriving.

The Complacent Class is a scathing assessment of the American Dream and Cowen argues that the pursuit of it has become a “self-defeating quest” for many. Cowen believes that the desire for a secure middle-class lifestyle has stalled economic growth, undermined global competition and caused political animosity. The solution, according to Cowen, is to embrace failure, build a more secure economic bottom, and pursue an education that is equipped to prepare us for continental competition.

Cowen identifies a number of behaviors that have led to the complacency he speaks of. In the economic chapter, he outlines the advantages and drawbacks of offshoring, automation, and globalization. He highlights how offshoring can lead to low-wage competition that drives wages down, while higher-wage professionals end up taking longer-term jobs overseas. He also discusses how automation is often blamed for job losses, but argues that it can also be an instrument of growth and productivity. Globalization, too, has been a contentious topic but Cowen shows how it can create useful connections for citizens and businesses.

Cowen looks at political changes that have created gridlock in American governance. He emphasizes the frustration many American citizens feel with the current system and proposes reforms. Cowen suggests a shift away from strongly-partisan politics, smaller districts with fewer lobbyist influence, and an international focus on climate change and poverty.

The bright spot in the book is Cowen's analysis of education. He outlines the changes to the education system that are necessary to create a successful workforce. Cowen examines the problems with how education is currently being administered and proposes a more decentralized approach, where individuals can pursue different types of knowledge and tailor their education to their interests. He also calls for more dialogue in the classroom and relaxed classroom environments, as well as greater investment in technology, which can increase access to educational opportunities.

Overall, The Complacent Class offers a smart, detailed critique of how we’re currently living the American Dream, and how we can change our approach to create a more prosperous and equitable society. Cowen asserts that failure is an essential part of growth, and that innovation and education are necessary for success in the 21st century. He encourages American citizens to remain ambitious and to recognize that short-term complications are often necessary for long-term success.